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Improving Attendance by Reducing Suspensions: A Practice Guide

Combating school absenteeism has been a challenge for school leaders for years. Attendance improvement became more challenging post-COVID when chronic absenteeism more than doubled in some states (Welsh, 2024). Chronic absenteeism is generally defined as any student in grade K-12 who misses 50 percent or more of the instructional day for any reason for 10 percent or more of the enrollment period (South Carolina Department of Education, 2017). Out-of-school suspension days are typically treated as absences and count toward the chronic absence of an individual student. While out-of-school suspensions are infrequent in some schools and districts, they are much more frequent in others and must be considered a cause of high chronic absenteeism rates (Singer, 2023). The challenge for school leaders is to analyze local suspension practices and data to determine if discipline and suspension practices contribute to truancy and determine the action steps needed. This practice guide offers a practical process for analyzing suspension practices and taking the most effective actions.

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